The EO framework has just reached the 1.0 version. This is one of the most interesting library for metaheuristics.

It is a templatized C++ framework, with a component based architecture. EO is focused on "evolutionary computing" (a synonym of metaheuristics, imho) and can be used for any population-base metaheuristics. There exists versions for local searches, multi-objective optimization or parallel architectures... a real good piece of software :-)